GNIS Domestic Names
USGS / US Board on Geographic Names
Millions of named natural features (springs, gaps, peaks, valleys) with coordinates — the backbone of offline place-name search/geocoding so users can find 'Cold Spring' with no connectivity. Springs and water features are survival-critical search targets.
Editor's notes
Feature classes for man-made/administrative names moved to other datasets in the 2021 restructuring; some legacy classes (e.g., historical mines) are frozen. Coordinates mark the feature's mouth/summit point, not extents.
Pipe-delimited TXT by state or national, plus file geodatabase (GDB) and GeoPackage (GPKG) via The National Map staged products; refreshed every other month
National names file on the order of ~100-300 MB uncompressed
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Source & license
US federal government work (public domain) — USGS describes downloads as public domain files.
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